Going To Sleep Is Free, But

"Operating systems: If possible, don't use Microsoft Windows. Buy a Macintosh or use Linux. If you must use Windows, set up Automatic Update so that you automatically receive security patches. And delete the files 'command.com' and 'cmd.exe.'

Browsing: Don't use Microsoft Internet Explorer, period. Limit use of cookies and applets to those few sites that provide services you need. Set your browser to regularly delete cookies. Don't assume a Web site is what it claims to be, unless you've typed in the URL yourself. Make sure the address bar shows the exact address, not a near-miss.

Passwords: You can't memorize good enough passwords any more, so don't bother. For high-security Web sites such as banks, create long random passwords and write them down. Guard them as you would your cash: i.e., store them in your wallet, etc.

E-mail : Turn off HTML e-mail. Don't automatically assume that any e-mail is from the 'From' address.

Delete spam without reading it. Don't open messages with file attachments, unless you know what they contain; immediately delete them. Don't open cartoons, videos and similar 'good for a laugh' files forwarded by your well-meaning friends; again, immediately delete them.

Never click links in e-mail unless you're sure about the e-mail; copy and paste the link into your browser instead. Don't use Outlook or Outlook Express. If you must use Microsoft Office, enable macro virus protection; in Office 2000, turn the security level to 'high' and don't trust any received files unless you have to. If you're using Windows, turn off the 'hide file extensions for known file types' option; it lets Trojan horses masquerade as other types of files. Uninstall the Windows Scripting Host if you can get along without it. If you can't, at least change your file associations, so that script files aren't automatically sent to the Scripting Host if you double-click them.

Firewall : Spend $50 for a Network Address Translator firewall device; it's likely to be good enough in default mode. On your laptop, use personal firewall software. If you can, hide your IP address. There's no reason to allow any incoming connections from anybody.

Encryption: Install an e-mail and file encryptor (like PGP). Encrypting all your e-mail or your entire hard drive is unrealistic, but some mail is too sensitive to send in the clear. Similarly, some files on your hard drive are too sensitive to leave unencrypted."

• General--measurement of cardiac volume and function; if echocardiography is unsatisfactory
• Great vessels--accurate sizing; detection of dissection, coarctation, stenosis; anomalous vessels
• Congenital heart disease--check for concordance of atrioventricular or ventriculoarterial connections; check for great vessels connections; assessment of conduits; assessment of complex anatomy
• Ischaemic heart disease--detection of regional wall motion abnormalities or infarction; assessment of viability
• Cardiomyopathy--identification of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy; detection of fibrosis or scarring; risk stratification; quantification of iron overload in thalassemia
• Left ventricular mass--accurate assessment in hypertension; assessment of response to therapy
• Valvular disease--quantification of regurgitation
• Pericardium--assessment of thickening
• Cardiac masses--characterisation of tissue; assessment of extent of tumour